What is CAR-T cell therapy?

AR-T cell therapy is the most significant breakthrough in the field of hematologic malignancy treatment in recent years,
bringing hope of cure to relapsed and refractory patients

A revolutionary cancer immunotherapy

About CAR-T Therapy

  • CAR-T cell therapy (Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-Cell Therapy) is one of the most revolutionary breakthroughs in the field of cancer treatment in recent years.It modifies the patient’s own T cells through genetic engineering technology, enabling them to precisely recognize and attack tumor cells, bringing unprecedented hope of cure to patients with hematologic malignancies.

  • In 2017, the U.S. FDA approved the first CAR-T product for marketing, marking that cancer treatment entered a new era of cellular immunotherapy.As of now, more than 10 CAR-T products have been approved worldwide, and China is in a world-leading position in the field of CAR-T research and development and clinical application, with 6 CAR-T products approved, covering multiple types of hematologic malignancies.

Principles and Mechanisms of CAR-T Technology

What do you need to know

CAR (Chimeric Antigen Receptor) consists of the following parts:
• Single-chain variable fragment (scFv): recognizes tumor antigens
• Hinge region: provides flexibility
• Transmembrane domain: anchors the CAR structure
• Costimulatory domain: CD28 or 4-1BB, provides T-cell activation signals
• CD3ζ signaling domain: activates T-cell cytotoxic function

Step 1: Leukocyte Collection
• Collect the patient’s peripheral blood mononuclear cells through a blood cell separator
• Isolate T cells for subsequent modification

Step 2: Genetic Engineering Modification
• Introduce the CAR gene into T cells
• Use lentiviral or retroviral vectors
• Culture and expand CAR-T cells in vitro

Step 3: Quality Testing
• Test the purity, activity, and sterility of CAR-T cells
• Ensure the product meets GMP standards

Step 4: Lymphodepletion
• The patient receives preconditioning chemotherapy
• Eliminate lymphocytes in the body to create space for CAR-T cells

Step 5: CAR-T Cell Infusion
• Single intravenous infusion
• CAR-T cells expand in vivo and attack tumors

• Fosun Kite: Axicabtagene Ciloleucel (Yescarta) - CD19 target, DLBCL
• JW Therapeutics: Relmacabtagene Autoleucel - CD19 target, DLBCL
• IASO Bio / Innovent Biologics: Equecabtagene Autoleucel (FUCASO®) - BCMA target, multiple myeloma
• Hebei Senlang Biotechnology: Nacociltagene Autoleucel - CD19 target, B-ALL
• CARsgen Therapeutics: Zevorcabtagene Autoleucel - BCMA target, multiple myeloma
• Legend Biotech / Johnson & Johnson: Ciltacabtagene Autoleucel - BCMA target, multiple myeloma

• First-generation CAR: contains only the CD3ζ signaling domain, limited clinical efficacy
• Second-generation CAR: adds a costimulatory domain (CD28/4-1BB), significantly improving persistence
• Third-generation CAR: dual costimulatory domain design, enhances activation signals
• Fourth/Fifth-generation CAR: introduces cytokine expression to enhance anti-tumor activity
• Universal CAR-T: uses healthy donor cells to reduce cost and improve accessibility

CAR-T Treatment Plans and Indications

What we can do

  • Relapsed/Refractory B-cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (B-ALL)
  • Applicable to patients under 25 years old
  • Complete remission rate as high as 80–90%
  • Relapsed/Refractory Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma (DLBCL)
  • After failure of at least 2 lines of systemic therapy
  • Overall response rate 50–80%, complete remission rate 30–50%
  • Relapsed/Refractory Multiple Myeloma
  • After failure of at least 3 lines of therapy (including PI and IMiD)
  • Overall response rate 70–100%, complete remission rate 30–50%

✓ Single infusion, durable efficacy

  • A single treatment can achieve deep remission
  • Some patients can achieve long-term disease-free survival

✓ Precise targeting, efficient killing

  • Specifically recognizes tumor antigens
  • Minimal damage to normal tissues

✓ Immune memory, prevention of relapse

  • CAR-T cells can persist long-term in the body
  • Provide continuous immune surveillance

✓ Overcome resistance, regain hope

  • Provide new options for relapsed/refractory patients
  • Overcome resistance to traditional therapies
  • CAR-T + Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors: enhance CAR-T cell persistence
  • CAR-T + BTK Inhibitors: improve CAR-T cell function
  • CAR-T + Bispecific Antibodies: sequential therapy to improve efficacy
  • CAR-T + Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation: consolidate treatment effect
  • CRS (Cytokine Release Syndrome) Management
  • Tocilizumab as first-line treatment
  • Corticosteroids for severe patients
  • ICANS (Immune Effector Cell-Associated Neurotoxicity Syndrome) Management
  • Close neurological monitoring
  • Corticosteroid treatment
  • Long-term Side Effect Monitoring
  • B-cell aplasia and immunoglobulin replacement
  • Infection prevention and management
FAQS

FAQ Frequently Asked Questions

CAR-T is a living cell drug that uses the patient’s own immune system to attack tumors, with characteristics such as precise targeting and durable efficacy after a single infusion. Traditional chemotherapy non-specifically kills rapidly dividing cells, has greater side effects, and requires multiple treatment cycles.

Clinical data show: BCMA CAR-T therapy for multiple myeloma achieves an ORR of 98.9% and a CR rate of 82.4%; CD19 CAR-T therapy for relapsed/refractory DLBCL achieves an ORR of about 50–80% and a CR rate of about 30–50%.

From cell collection to infusion takes about 3–4 weeks, and hospitalization for observation is required for 2–4 weeks after infusion. The entire treatment cycle is about 6–8 weeks.

In China, the cost of CAR-T therapy is about 50–70% of that in European and American countries, approximately 150,000–250,000 USD. We provide transparent cost evaluations and multiple payment options.

Some patients may relapse, and the relapse rate varies depending on the disease type. We provide long-term follow-up monitoring to detect and manage relapse in a timely manner.

CAR-T is mainly applicable to: relapsed/refractory B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia, relapsed/refractory diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma, etc. Professional evaluation is required to determine suitability.

Are You Suitable for CAR-T Therapy?

Understand the indications for CAR-T therapy and patient evaluation criteria

Our CAR-T Treatment Advantages

Top team, advanced technology, successful cases

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